Freewriting is similar to journal writing but it focuses on a specific idea or question instead of writing about general thoughts and feelings.
For more info, read: https://writingprocess.mit.edu/process/step-1-generate-ideas/instructions/freewriting
Word Lists are a great way to rapidly go through any words that come to mind when you're brainstorming a particular idea. There are many wordlist generators online.
For more info, read: https://writingcooperative.com/brainstorming-new-ideas-part-2-word-association-a083c7b6e29e
Mind Maps are great when you're trying to get an exhaustive overview of everything you know about a particular topic. Afterward, you can identify any holes in your topic or decide to focus on a particular area.
For more info, read: